Synthesis of Fe-Doped Titanite and Quasi-Titanite Structures and Studying the Effect of Doping on Physical and Optical Properties

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Nano Pigments and Coatings Laboratory, Department of Physics, Yazd University, P.O. Box: 89195-741, Yazd, Iran.

2 Color and Paint Laboratory, Eefa Ceram Company, P.O. Box: 89551-65833, Yazd, Iran

Abstract

Fe-doped titanite (TiCaSiO5) and quasi-titanite (Ti0.5CaSi1.5O5) compositions were synthesized by the ceramic method. For each structure, two samples with 0.1 mol% and 0.2 mol% Fe were used. The synthesized samples were homogenized using a planetary ball mill in 2-ethylhexyl stearate solvent and then printed on the ceramic with screen printing system. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-Vis spectroscopy and CIE L*a*b*colorimetry methods. XRD results showed that more iron has entered to the titanite structure relative to the quasi-titanite structure with different crystal parameters. The SEM images of the powder and the printed ceramic as well as DLS results showed that the particle size of the quasi-titanite structure is smaller than that of titanite structure. The results of colorimetry and reflection spectra showed that the color of the synthesized quasi-titanite structure was beige and yellowish beige while that of titanite structure was beige and brown beige, according to the RAL color system.

Keywords


[1] A. Babaei Darani, M. Khajeh Aminian, H. Zare, Synthesis and Characterization of Two Green Nanopigments Based on Chromium Oxide, Prog. Color Colorants Coat., 10(2017), 141-148.
[2] B. Bashirzade, S. H. Jazayeri, M. A. Faghihi Sani, Z. Nemati, The Synthesis of Brown Pigment Based on Fe, Zn and Cr Spinel, J. Color Sci. Technol., 2(2008), 49-56.
[3] Jelena Pantić, Marija Prekajski, Miroslav Dramićanin, Nadica Abazović, Nikola Vuković, Aleksandar Kremenović, Branko Matović, Preparation and characterization of chrome doped sphene pigments prepared via precursor mechanochemical activation, J. Alloys Compoun, 579(2013), 290-294.
[4] Manuel Jesús Gázquez, Juan Pedro Bolívar, Rafael Garcia-Tenorio, Federico Vaca, A Review of the Production Cycle of Titanium Dioxide Pigment, Mater. Sci. Appl., 5(2014), 441-458.
[5] T. Stoyanova Lyubenova, F. Matteucci, A.L. Costa, M. Dondi, M. Ocaña, J. Carda, Synthesis of Cr-doped CaTiSiO5 ceramic pigments by spray drying, Mater. Res. Bull., 44(2009), 918-924.
[6] Ruslan P. Liferovich, Roger H. Mitchell, Composition and paragenesis of Na-, Nb- and Zr-bearing Titanite from Khibina, Russia, and crystal-structure data for synthetic analogues, Canadian Mineralogist, 43(2005), 795-812.
[7] Jelena Pantić, Volker  Kahlenberg, Vesna Poharc-Logar, Aleksandar Kremenović, Natural CaO-TiO2-SiO2 based ceramics, Process. Appl. Ceram., 5(2011), 79–84.
[8] S. M. Aleksandrov, M. A. Troneva, Composition, Mineral Assemblages, and Genesis of Titanite and Malayaite in Skarns, Geochem. Interntional, 45(2007), 1012–1024.
[9] J.B. Higgins, P. H. Ribbe, The structure of malayaite, CaSnOSiO4, a tin analog of titanite, Amer. Mineralog., 62(1977), 801-806.
[10] W. Hajjaji , C. Zanelli , M.P. Seabra, M. Dondi, J.A. Labrincha, Cr-doped titanite pigment based on industrial rejects, Chem. Eng. J.,158(2010), 167–172.
[11] T. Stoyanova Lyubenova, F. Matteucci, A. Costa, M. Dondi, J. Carda, Ceramic pigments with sphene structure obtained by both spray- and freeze-drying techniques, Powder Technol., 193(2009), 1–5.
[12] W. Hajjaji, G. Costa, C. Zanelli, M.J. Ribeiro, M.P. Seabra, M. Dondi, J.A. Labrincha, An overview of using solid wastes for pigment industry, J. Europ. Ceram. Soc., 32(2012), 753–764.
[13] C. Zanelli, G. L.Güngör, A. Kara, M. Blosi, D. Gardini, G. Guarini, M. Dondi, Micronizing ceramic pigments for inkjet printing: Part II. Effect on phase composition and color, Ceram. Internation., 41(2015), 6507–6517.
[14] G. L.Güngör, A. Kara, M. Blosi, D. Gardini, G. Guarini, C. Zanelli, M. Dondi, Micronizing ceramic pigments for inkjet printing: Part I. Grindability and particle size distribution, Ceram. International, 41(2015), 6498–6506.
[15] R. Dehghan Banadaki, M. Khajeh Aminian, Study the Effect of Chromium Doping Concentration on the Shape and Particle Size of Malayaite Red Nanopigments, J. Color Sci. Technol., 11(2017),  215-223.
[16] S. Rasouli, S. Jebeli Moeen, A. M. Arabi, Synthesis of Wurtzite Nano-crystalline ZnO-CoO Pigment by High Energy Milling, Prog. Color Colorants Coat., 2(2009), 45-51.
[17] S. M. Mortazavi, M. Kamali Moghaddam, S. Safi and R. Salehi, Saffron Petals, a By-Product for Dyeing of Wool Fibers, Prog. Color Colorants Coat., 5(2012), 75-84.
[18] M. Mohammadi, A. A. Yousefi and M. Ehsani, Characterizing films of polyethylene blends: An application of colorimetric parameters measurements, Prog. Color Colorants Coat., 8(2015), 219-235.
[19] Johannes Karl Fink, A Concise Introduction to Additives for Thermoplastic Polymers, Scrivener, Austria, 2010, 40.
[20] Ral International Color Card, https://www.varkojis.com/images/pdfs/RAL.pdf, [Accessed 6 Oct. 2018].
[21] Ral Classic Colour Chart, https://www.e-paint.co.uk/pdfs/RAL%20 colour%20chart.pdf, [Accessed 6 Oct. 2018].
[22] RAL Color Chart for Custom Cabinet Enclosures and Racks, https://catalog. generaldevices.com /Asset/RAL_Color_Chart.pdf, [Accessed 6 Oct. 2018].
[23] RAL Colour Chart - color charts, fans, cards, swatches and books, https://www.e-paint.co.uk/ RAL_Colour chart.asp , 2018 [Accessed 6 Oct. 2018].
[24] S. Naghibzadeh, M. A. Faghihi-Sani , S. Baghshahi, Synthesis of Beige Pigment on the Basis of (Fe, Zn, Cr, Al) Spinel, Inter. J. Eng. Adv. Technol., 2(2013), 75-82.