Institute for Color Science and Technology (ICST) Progress in Color, Colorants and Coatings 2008-2134 16 4 2023 10 01 Schiff's Base Performance in Preventing Corrosion on Mild Steel in Acidic Conditions 319 329 81909 10.30509/pccc.2023.167081.1197 EN A. Naseef Jasim Materials Engineering Department, Diyala University, P.O. Box: 32001, Diyala-Iraq B. A. Abdulhussein Chemical Engineering Department, University of Technology, P.O. Box: 10001, Baghdad-Iraq S. Mohammed Noori Ahmed Production and Metallurgy Engineering Department, University of Technology, P.O. Box: 10001, Baghdad, Iraq W. K. Al-Azzawi Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, P. O. Box: 10001, Baghdad, Iraq. M. M. Hanoon Production and Metallurgy Engineering Department, University of Technology, P.O. Box: 10001, Baghdad, Iraq M. K. Abbass Production and Metallurgy Engineering Department, University of Technology, P.O. Box: 10001, Baghdad, Iraq A.A. Al-Amiery Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Univerversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, P.O. Box: 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia Energy and Renewable Energies Technology Center, University of Technology, P.O. Box: 10001, Baghdad, Iraq Journal Article 2023 01 03 Many industries, particularly the oil and gas industry, extensively use metallic materials. However, steel is negatively impacted by corrosion, which decreases the functioning of its surfaces. Therefore, finding a solution to the corrosion challenge is imperative. To prevent mild steel from corroding in a 1 M hydrochloric acid medium, a Schiff base named methyl 5-(((((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylene)amino))-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate (MMPC) was utilized. Weight loss measurements and theoretical calculations were conducted to explore the effectiveness and mechanism of corrosion protection. MMPC adsorbs onto mild steel, blocking active sites, and the adsorption follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Based on a free energy ( ) value of -37.25 KJmol-1, physical adsorption and chemical adsorption are two separate adsorption modes. At a concentration of 0.5 mM and 303 K, the findings demonstrate that MMPC showed an excellent inhibitor effectiveness of 97.13 %. The acid reaction site is blocked by the inhibitor adsorbed onto the mild steel surface. Density Functional Theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311 G++ basis set was also used to determine the effectiveness of the inhibitor, and the results demonstrated that MMPC is an effective inhibitor.

https://pccc.icrc.ac.ir/article_81909_e7ca58724a9278f25e43a22e93491b88.pdf

Institute for Color Science and Technology (ICST) Progress in Color, Colorants and Coatings 2008-2134 16 4 2023 10 01 Optical and Physical Properties for the Nanocomposite Poly(vinyl chloride) with Affected of Carbon Nanotube and Nano Carbon 331 345 81910 10.30509/pccc.2023.167082.1198 EN A. M. Abdullah Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Samarra, P.O. Box: 64546, Salah Al Din, Iraq L. H. Alwan Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Samarra, P.O. Box: 64546, Salah Al Din, Iraq A. A. Ahmed Polymer Research Unit, College of Science, Al-Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box: 10052, Baghdad, Iraq R. N. Abed Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University, P.O. Box: 64040, Jadria, Baghdad, Iraq Journal Article 2023 01 06 In this paper, the new nanocomposite thin films of carbon nanotube (CNT) and nano carbon (CN) implanted in PVC matrix were produced by casting technique. The influence of nanomaterials (CNT+CN) was studied on the optical properties and structure of PVC nanocomposite thin films (PVC-CNT, PVC-CN, and PVC-CNT-CN) by utilizing a microscope, AFM device, and computerized diffused reflectance of UV-Visible. The energy gap, absorption coefficient, reflectance, extinction factor, refractive index, and urbach energy have been studied. The reflectance and transmittance of the nanocomposite thin films (PVC-CNT, PVC-CN, and PVC-CNT-CN) were decreased compared with blank PVC after being dispersed (CNT+CN) in the PVC matrix. The dielectric constant and conductivity of nanocomposite thin films also increased after adding nanomaterials (CNT+CN). The direct energy gap and indirect energy gap were decreased for the nanocomposite thin films (PVC-CNT, PVC-CN, and PVC-CNT-CN) compared with the energy gap of blank PVC, where, urbach energy of nanocomposite thin films (PVC-CNT, PVC-CN, and PVC-CNT-CN) increased after addition the nanomaterials (CNT+CN) to the PVC matrix. The SEM images were used to show the shape of carbon nanotube (CNT) and nano carbon (CN). The surface topography was tested by the AFM device and it found the roughness of the nanocomposite thin films (PVC-CNT, PVC-CN, and PVC-CNT-CN) were increased compared with the blank PVC. The application of nanocomposite thin films (PVC-CNT, PVC-CN, and PVC-CNT-CN) was used in many applications like optical clarity, high mechanical strength, and thermal gas barrier.

https://pccc.icrc.ac.ir/article_81910_f63f0c50569cf3bf73baa80001e1afdb.pdf

Institute for Color Science and Technology (ICST) Progress in Color, Colorants and Coatings 2008-2134 16 4 2023 10 01 Investigation of the Corrosion Inhibition Properties of 4-Cyclohexyl-3-Thiosemicarbazide on Mild Steel in 1 M HCl Solution 347 359 81921 10.30509/pccc.2023.167126.1212 EN A. Mohammed Department of Electromechanical Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, P.O. Box: 10001, Baghdad‎‏,‏ Iraq ‏ A. Y. I. Rubaye Chemical and Petrochemical Techniques Engineering Department, Basra Engineering Technical College, Southren Technical University, P.O. Box: 102, Basra, Iraq W. K. Al-Azzawi Department of Medical Instruments Engineering Techniques, Al-Farahidi University, P.O. Box:10001, Baghdad‎‏,‏ Iraq A. Alamiery Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Build Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, P.O. Box: 43600, ‏Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia Journal Article 2023 04 07 The study investigated the effectiveness of 4-cyclohexyl-3-thiosemicarbazide (4C3T) as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in 1 M HCl solution using the weight loss method. Various concentrations of 4C3T, temperatures, and immersion times were used to determine the inhibitory efficiency. The results showed that increasing the concentration of 4C3T resulted in higher inhibition efficiency while increasing the temperature decreased it. The optimal conditions were found to be a concentration of 0.5 mM at 303 K, which resulted in a 95 % inhibition efficiency. The mechanism of inhibition involved the adsorption of 4C3T onto the mild steel surface, which prevented corrosion. The adsorption followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, where physical and chemical adsorption coexisted. Quantum chemical calculations were used to support the findings. Overall, the study highlights the potential of 4C3T as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in HCl solution and offers insights into the underlying inhibitory process.

https://pccc.icrc.ac.ir/article_81921_7182dd34a8bdc3da6e710b845d23f16f.pdf

Institute for Color Science and Technology (ICST) Progress in Color, Colorants and Coatings 2008-2134 16 4 2023 10 01 Evaluation of Coatings Suitability for Buried SS316L Pipelines 361 375 81919 10.30509/pccc.2023.167085.1203 EN S Ghosal Deptartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box: 700032, Kolkata, India R. Dey Deptartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Jadavpur University, P.O. Box: 700032, Kolkata, India B. Duari Corrosion Specialist, A/172 Lake Gardens, P.O. Box: 700045, Kolkata, India Journal Article 2023 01 31 Six polymeric coatings viz 3LPE, 3p/2p CAT, PU, VE, LE, and HSS have been selected, and each type of coating has been applied separately on SS316L pipe external surface. The test samples were subjected to Specific Electrical Insulation Resistance (SEIR) test in 0.1 mol/liter of NaCl solution and the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) test in 3.5 % NaCl solution. After completion of the tests, SEIR values of PU, 3LPE, and LE are found to be about 2.5×109, 8.9×108, and 3.9×108 ohm.m2, respectively. In contrast, the electrochemical impedance values at low frequencies (100 mHz) of 3LPE, 3p/2p CAT, and HSS are found to be about 7.9×1011, 5.4×1011, and 4.5×1011 ohm.cm2, respectively. The experimental results are analyzed, and the ranking of coatings has been made based on each test's performance. The overall ranking of coatings is evaluated for the determination of the suitability of the coating for buried SS316L pipelines in the petroleum, petrochemical, and natural gas industries.

https://pccc.icrc.ac.ir/article_81919_c6be57f986920eda757dd3a5f484d2cd.pdf

Institute for Color Science and Technology (ICST) Progress in Color, Colorants and Coatings 2008-2134 16 4 2023 10 01 Performance of Thermophilic Aerobic Membrane Reactor (TAMR) for Carpet Cleaning Wastewater 377 385 81925 10.30509/pccc.2023.167094.1201 EN Kh. R. Kalash Environment and Water Directorate, Ministry of Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 20392, Baghdad, Iraq M. H. Alfuraiji Environment and Water Directorate, Ministry of Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 20392, Baghdad, Iraq A. R. Alazraqi Environment and Water Directorate, Ministry of Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 20392, Baghdad, Iraq Journal Article 2023 02 15 Managing sewage has become increasingly important at both the national and international levels, largely due to uncertain future options for recovery and disposal. Due to this, it is necessary to develop innovative technology that can reduce pollutants such as surfactants to mitigate the problem at its source. Surfactants are the kind of pollutants that can pose health and environmental risks. This paper aims to study the efficiency of the removal of methylene blue active substances as an anionic surfactant (MBAS) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from carpet cleaning wastewater using a thermophilic aerobic membrane reactor (TAMR). A laboratory-scale reactor was monitored daily for a month during this study. The removal efficiencies of MBAS and COD were 92 and 95 %, respectively. This study demonstrated that the TAMR process could resist high-stress situations (sudden load peaks) and withstand high surfactant concentrations, making it the ideal pretreatment option. For MBAS removal, the TAR and UF processes combined led to higher removal yields. MBAS was removed almost completely (>92 %) by the TAMR+UF procedure. Moreover, membrane cleaning operations and fouling problems are discussed.

https://pccc.icrc.ac.ir/article_81925_24fb630d03fc2834620bc11e75992bb5.pdf

Institute for Color Science and Technology (ICST) Progress in Color, Colorants and Coatings 2008-2134 16 4 2023 10 01 Investigation of Equilibrium, Isotherm, and Mechanism for the Efficient Removal of 3-Nitroaniline Dye from Wastewater Using Mesoporous Material MCM-48 387 398 81926 10.30509/pccc.2023.167111.1205 EN A. E. Mahdi Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, P.O. Box: 35010, Baghdad, Iraq N. S. Ali Materials Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, P.O. Box: 1000, Baghdad, Iraq K. R. Kalash Environment and Water Directorate, Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq I.K. Salih Department of Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries, Al-Mustaqbal University College, P.O. Box: 51001, Babylon, Iraq M.A. Abdulrahman Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, P.O. Box: 35010, Baghdad, Iraq T. M. Albayati Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Technology-Iraq, P.O. Box: 35010, Baghdad, Iraq Journal Article 2023 03 06 In this work, the MCM-48 mesoporous material was prepared and characterized to apply it as an active adsorbent for the adsorption of 3-Nitroaniline (3-Nitrobenzenamine) from wastewater. The MCM-48 characterizations were specified by implementing various techniques such as; scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-Ray analysis (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area, pore size distribution (PSD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The batch adsorption results showed that the MCM-48 was very active for the 3-Nitroaniline adsorption from wastewater. The adsorption equilibrium results were analyzed by applying isotherms like Langmuir and Freundlich. The maximum experimental uptake of 3-Nitroaniline according to type I Langmuir adsorption was found to be 89 mg g-1 approximately. The Langmuir model is superior to the Freundlich model for the adsorption of 3-Nitroaniline onto the mesoporous material MCM-48. The results demonstrated that 3-Nitroaniline regression coefficients are so high (0.99), the pseudo 2nd order hypothesis for the adsorption mechanism process appears to be well-supported. The findings of adsorption isotherms and kinetics studies indicate the adsorption mechanism is a chemisorption and physical adsorption process. In a thermodynamic analysis, a spontaneous and exothermic adsorption has been observed.

https://pccc.icrc.ac.ir/article_81926_669c77b575d5514bf274af2c8a05e36e.pdf

Institute for Color Science and Technology (ICST) Progress in Color, Colorants and Coatings 2008-2134 16 4 2023 10 01 Synthesis and Characterization of Well-dispersed Zinc Oxide Quantum Dots in Epoxy Resin Using Epoxy Siloxane Surface Modifier 399 408 81927 10.30509/pccc.2023.167118.1210 EN F. Asadi Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 16765-654, Tehran, Iran. A. Jannesari Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 16765-654, Tehran, Iran. A.M. Arabi Department of Inorganic Pigments and Glaze, Institute for Color Science and Technology, P.O. Box: 16765-654, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2023 04 03 Zinc oxide quantum dots were synthesized using poly (dimethyl siloxane) diglycidyl ether terminated, as surface modifiers (SAs) in different concentrations by precipitation method. The epoxy siloxane modifier was chosen in order to improve the compatibility with the polymeric matrix and gain better dispersion. ZnO QDs with size of about 3 nm with optimum properties were synthesized. Structural characteristics and optical properties of synthesized ZnO quantum dots were investigated using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoluminescence (PL) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. They were powdered, purified and finally dispersed in 3 treatment levels in epoxy resin Matrix and they were distributed uniformly in the epoxy resin. The effect of these nanoparticles on the curing process of epoxy resin and 1,3-bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane (1,3BAC) hardener was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The nanocomposites containing 0.05, 0.1 and 0.15 % ZnO nanoparticles presented respectively 3.6, 15.05, and 12.76 % lower heat flows than the epoxy resin which confirms the barrier effect of these nanoparticles on the activity of epoxy and amine.

https://pccc.icrc.ac.ir/article_81927_191c5f7769025bd3f6e90a9092e6e694.pdf

Institute for Color Science and Technology (ICST) Progress in Color, Colorants and Coatings 2008-2134 16 4 2023 10 01 Analysis of Nitrogen Ion Implantation on Corrosion Inhabitation of Zirconium Nitride Coated 304 Stainless Steel and Correlation with Nano-strucrure and Surface Hardness 409 415 81940 10.30509/pccc.2023.167128.1213 EN M. Karimi Physics and Accelerators Research School, Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute, P.O. Box: 11365-3486, Tehran, Iran. A.R. Grayli Physics and Accelerators Research School, Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute, P.O. Box: 11365-3486, Tehran, Iran. Journal Article 2023 04 10 One of the common methods to improve and change the structural, wear, and corrosion characteristics of materials is to create a resistant thin film using the physical vapor deposition process. Various ions are substituted or interspersed on the surface of metal or non-metal parts using accelerators. This article investigates the structural, corrosion, and mechanical properties (hardness) of zirconium nitride coatings prepared by ion beam sputtering and nitrogen ion implantation on 304 stainless steel. For this purpose, a coating of zirconium with a thickness of 100 nm has been deposited on 304 stainless steel by the ion beam sputtering method. Nitrogen ion implantation was performed at a temperature of 400 K and a dose of 5×1017 N+ cm−2 at energies of 10, 20, 40, and 80 keV. The crystallographic investigation, hardness, corrosion tests in 0.6 M NaCl solution, and SEM were done for different samples. The correlation between the test results, considering the increase in the implantation energy, introduced the optimal energy of 40 keV to make the sample with the highest degree of corrosion resistance and hardness.

https://pccc.icrc.ac.ir/article_81940_cc23e5b30ee6d318ab60e7be592cc826.pdf