Institute for Color Science and Technology (ICST) Progress in Color, Colorants and Coatings 2008-2134 20 2 2027 05 01 Eco-Friendly Dyeing of Cotton Fabrics Using Dalbergia sissoo Wood Waste Extract and Bio-mordants for Multifunctional Performance 139 157 82196 10.30509/pccc.2026.167780.1500 EN Md. A. Haque Department of Textile Engineering, Uttara University, P.O. Box: 1230, Dhaka, Bangladesh Department of Textile Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, P.O. Box: 1707, Gazipur, Bangladesh Md. A. Hannan Department of Textile Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, P.O. Box: 1707, Gazipur, Bangladesh R. Saha Department of Textile Engineering, Uttara University, P.O. Box: 1230, Dhaka, Bangladesh A. Hoque Bhuiyan Department of Textile Engineering, Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology, P.O. Box: 1707, Gazipur, Bangladesh Journal Article 2026 02 25 Considering increasing environmental awareness, research has shifted towards the development of eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic dyes. This study analyzes the potential of Dalbergia sissoo wood waste, a natural dye source containing neoflavonoids, for use in 100 % cotton fabric. The dye was applied using bio-mordants at 90 °C for 60 minutes without using other auxiliaries. The color strength (K/S) results showed that the dyed cotton fabric without any mordant provided a moderate K/S value of 1.5. However, the involvement of amla as a bio-mordant considerably increased the color intensity, resulting in a higher K/S value of 3.2. FTIR analysis confirms the intermolecular interactions between cotton fibers and dye molecules. The colored fabrics provided satisfactory fastness properties. The undyed fabric and dyed fabric without mordant displayed high moisture management ability (OMMC 0.8563 and 0.8657, respectively), while dyed fabrics mordanted with aloe vera, tamarind, myrobalan, and amla showed lower performance due to pore blockage by bio-mordant residues. The dyed fabric exhibited functional properties, including improved ultraviolet protection, and achieved a reduction of 52.4 % in bacterial count compared to the undyed samples. Overall, the outcomes recommend that Dalbergia sissoo wood waste extract can be an effective natural dye for cotton fabric. Moreover, this approach offers an auxiliary-free dyeing process that aligns with eco-friendly textile practices and reduces the environmental footprint of conventional textile dyeing. https://pccc.icrc.ac.ir/article_82196_89ed6b712686e88d9256d981a67854cc.pdf